Chivabvu 31 achatanga zuva remakumi matatu nenhatu reWorld No Fodya.Dingindira rekusimudzira kwegore rino rinoti “Chengetedzai vechidiki kubva kufodya yechinyakare nefodya yemagetsi.Iyo "Outline ye "Healthy China 2030" Plan" inoisa pamberi chinangwa chekudzora fodya "panosvika 2030, huwandu hwekuputa hwevanhu vanopfuura makore gumi nemashanu hunofanira kudzikiswa kusvika pa20%.Zvakabuda mu2018 China Adult Tobacco Survey zvakaratidza kuti kuputa kwazvino kwevanhu vanopfuura makore gumi nemashanu munyika yangu i26,6%;22.2% yevanosvuta zuva nezuva vanotanga kusvuta zuva nezuva vasati vava nemakore 18. Kuti uwane chinangwa chekuderedza kusvuta kwese, ndicho chinhu chikuru chekudzivirira vechidiki vasati vasvuta kuti vatange kusvuta.
Parizvino, kunyange zvazvo pfungwa yokuti kusvuta kunokuvadza utano yakanyatsodzika midzi mumwoyo yevanhu, e-fodya vakatora mukana wekushayikwa kwavo uye vakashandisa mabasa e "kuchenesa mapapu", "kurega kusvuta"uye "kwete kupindwa muropa" pakurongedza uye hype, vachiti e-fodya haina tara uye kuturika. Zvinokuvadza zvinosanganisa sezvimedu zvinogona kubatsirakurega kusvuta, asi ndizvo zvazviri here?
E-fodya haisi mushonga wakanakakurega kusvuta
E-fodya ndeimwe nzira isingabatike pane fodya.Dzaimboonekwa sedzimwe nzira dzefodya dzechinyakare, asi chokwadi hadzingobatsiri chetekurega kusvuta, vanogonawo kuita kuti zvive nyore kuva vakapindwa muropa nechikakananda.Tsvagiridzo kubva kuWorld Health Organisation yakaratidza kuti aerosol yefodya yefodya ine muchetura senge nicotine uye inogadzira diki uye ultrafine particles.Nicotine pachayo inopindwa muropa uye inogona kukonzera chirwere chemoyo.Kunyangwe kudyiwa kudiki kunotadzisa kukura kwehuropi hwemwana uye kukuvadza huropi hwevana.Mukuwedzera, kana iyo e-cigarette device inopisa nekukurumidza, inokonzera A yakanyanya chepfu chinhu chinonzi acrolein hachisi chinhu chikuru chinokuvadza retina, asi chinogona kukonzera kenza.Mukuwedzera, e-cigarettes zvakare inotarisana nedambudziko rekusvuta kwechipiri.Nicotine, zvimedu, propylene glycol, glycerin nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chepfu zvinogona kupinda mukati mekunze kuburikidza nekuyerera kwechikafu chefodya yefodya (utsi hunoburitswa kubva mumuviri wemunhu), kunyangwe zviri mukati zvakaderera pane zvefodya yechinyakare.Zvisinei, kusanzwisisa kwevanhu pamusoro pezvigadzirwa zve-e-fodya kuchawedzera kuratidzwa kwevasingasvuti kune nicotine nezvimwe zvinhu zvine chepfu.
Muna Chikunguru 2019, World Health Organisation yakapa "Global Fodya Epidemic Report 2019", iyo yakataura zvakajeka: E-fodya ine humbowo hushoma senzira yekurega kuputa, uye zvidzidzo zvine hukama hazvina chokwadi, kutadza kutora mhedziso, uye kuwedzera. Humbowo hwakawanda hunoratidza kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko, vechidiki vanoshandisa e-fodya vanowanzotanga kushandisa fodya yechinyakare mune ramangwana.
Kuwanda kwefodya ye e-fodya, nhanho nhanho yakananga kune vechidiki
Data kubva ku2018 China Adult Tobacco Survey inoratidza kuti ruzhinji rwevanhu vanoshandisa e-fodya vechidiki, uye kushandiswa kwefodya ye e-cigarette pakati pevanhu vane makore 15-24 i1.5%.Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chikamu chevanhu vakanzwa nezve e-cigarettes, vakashandisa e-cigarettes kare, uye zvino vanoishandisa zvose zvakawedzera kana zvichienzaniswa ne2015.
Vamwe vagadziri vefodya yee-fodya vanokwezva pwere nokupa zvinonaka zvakasiyana-siyana zvemafuta anopfungaira, zvakadai sokunhuhwirira kwefodya, kunhuhwirira kwemuchero, bubble gum flavour, chokoreti flavour, uye cream flavour.Vechidiki vakawanda vanotsauswa nekushambadzira uye vanotenda kuti e-fodya "zvinhu zvekuvaraidza uye zvekuvaraidza".Ivo havangotenga chete vanotora vekutanga, asi zvakare vanovakurudzira kune shamwari.Saka iyi nzira yemazuva ano ye "kusvuta" zvishoma nezvishoma yave yakakurumbira pakati pevechidiki.
Asi chaizvoizvo, zvikamu zvemakemikari zve-e-fodya zvakaoma zvikuru.Tsvagiridzo yazvino yezvefodya ye e-fodya haina kukwana, uye kutarisa kwemusika kuri kushomeka.Mamwe e-fodya "asina zvigadzirwa" pasina zviyero zvechigadzirwa, kutarisa kwemhando, uye kuongororwa kwekuchengetedza.Yakaisa njodzi huru yakavanzika kune hutano hwevatengi.Nekudaro, zvichitungamirwa nezvido, kuchine vazhinji vanoshanda zvisiri pamutemo vanotengesa e-fodya online.Munguva pfupi yapfuura, kune mishumo yenhau kuti vatengi vakashandisa e-fodya ine synthetic cannabinoids (a psychoactive substance, iyo inorondedzerwa sechirwere munyika yangu).Uye mamiriro ekurapa.
Kutarisana ne-e-fodya, nyika iri kutora matanho
Muna Nyamavhuvhu 2018, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration uye State Administration for Market Regulation yakapa chiziviso chinorambidza kutengeswa kwefodya yemagetsi kuvadiki.Muna Mbudzi 2019, State Tobacco Monopoly Administration uye State Administration yeMarket Administration yakapa "Chiziviso Chekuwedzera Kudzivirira Vadiki kubva kuElectroniki Midzanga", ichida kuti masangano akasiyana siyana emusika asatengese fodya yemagetsi kuvadiki;kukurudzira kugadzira uye Kutengesa makambani kana vanhu vanovhara e-fodya yeInternet yekutengesa mawebhusaiti kana vatengi panguva yakakodzera, e-commerce mapuratifomu anovhara nekukurumidza e-fodya zvitoro uye kubvisa e-fodya zvigadzirwa nenguva, e-fodya kugadzira uye kutengesa makambani. kana kuti vanhu vanobvisa e-cigarette zviziviso zvakaiswa paInternet, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-30-2020