Parizvino, sezvo veruzhinji vari kuramba vachirarama hupenyu hune hutano, nyika dzepasi rose dziri kuwedzera kurambidza fodya yechinyakare.Pakati penhengo dze194 dzeWHO, 181 nhengo dzakabvumirana neFramework Convention pamusoroKudzora Fodya, inofukidza 90% yechiverengero chavagari vapasi chepasi rose.Nyika dziri kugadzira zvishoma nezvishoma kudzikisira utsi hwadzo kana hurongwa hwekusaputa.
Asi muzvokwadi isingarambiki, pari zvino kune vanenge bhirioni imwe yevasvuti vegamuchidzanwa munyika.Kana pasina dzimwe nzira kana ma supplements kune zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekupa vatengi vefodya yechinyakare sarudzo uye zvinobvira, zvichave zvakanyanya kuoma kuwana kudzikiswa kwemitengo yekuputa kana kunyange hurongwa hwekusaputa fodya hwakagadzirwa nenyika dzakasiyana siyana.Kubuda kwezvigadzirwa zvefodya yemagetsi kwazadza nzvimbo iyi neimwe nzira.
Parizvino, pasi rosee-fodyazvigadzirwa zvinogona kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zviviri: zvisina kuputa uye zvisingasvuti zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwazvo.Pakati pavo, pane zvigadzirwa zvehutsi maererano nemitemo yavo yekushanda, iyo inogona kugoverwa mumhando mbiri: yemagetsi atomization fodya uye kupisa-kwete-kupisa (HNB) yemagetsi fodya.Midzanga yemagetsi atomizeti inogadzira gasi kuburikidza neatomizing fluid kuti vanhu vapute;Midzanga yeHNB yemagetsi inogadzira gasi nekudziisa fodya, iri pedyo nehutsi chaihwo.Panyaya iyi, midzanga yemagetsi atomidhi yakasiyana chaizvo nefodya yechinyakare.HNB yefodya yemagetsi inosiyana chete munzira yainoburitsa utsi.
Naizvozvo, mupfungwa iyi, yemagetsi atomizing fodya inomiririra yakajairika zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi fodya.Mumushumo uyu, kunze kwekunge zvatsanangurwa neimwe nzira, zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvefodya ifodya yemagetsi atomu.
“Kukuvadza kuderedza” kukosha kwemusika wefodya yemagetsi
Kubva payakatangwa muna 2003.e-fodyazvigadzirwa zvakapfuura makore gumi ebudiriro.Iyo fomu yechigadzirwa yave yakawanda uye yakanyanya kukwana, uye mabasa uye ruzivo zvakagara zvichivandudzwa.Kunyanya, iyo "kukuvadza kuderedza" maitiro ee-fodyazvishoma nezvishoma vakawana musika uye kuzivikanwa kwemasangano.
Kuenzaniswa nefodya yechinyakare, fodya yemagetsi haipisi, haina tara, uye haina zvinopfuura mazana mana nemakumi matanhatu emakemikari zvinhu zvinogona kukonzera zvirwere zvekufema uye zvemoyo kana fodya yakajairika inopiswa, nekudaro ichibvisa kenza mumidzanga yakajairika..
Ongororo yeCDC kuUnited States inotenda kuti zviri mufodya-specific nitrosamine metabolite NNAL muweti yevashandisi venebulized/vapor e-cigarette (ENDS) zvakaderera zvakanyanya, inova 2.2% yevanoshandisa fodya uye 0.6% yefodya isina utsi. vashandisi.Fodya-specific nitrosamines ndiwo macarcinogens makuru mufodya.Sangano rehutano reBritain rakataurawo kuti kana zvichienzaniswa nefodya yechinyakare, inogona kuderedza njodzi dzeutano nekanenge 95%.Zvinogona kutaurwa kuti kupokanidzana pakati pezvinodikanwa zvoutano zvevashandisi vemidzanga yechinyakare uye marwadzo okurega kusvuta zvakagadziriswa kusvika pamwero mukuru.
Pan Helin, mukuru mukuru weInstitute of Digital Economy yeZhongnan University of Economics and Law, akati "kuderedza kukuvadza" kwee-fodya ndiko kukosha kwayo kukuru, uye musika une chido chakadaro, saka kukura kwayo kunokurumidza. .Uye Yao Jianming, purofesa paChikoro cheBhizinesi reRenmin University yeChina, akati zvigadzirwa zve-e-fodya zvine hunyanzvi mukufunga uye zvinogona kuitwa nemazvo mukuita, izvo zvakakoshawo kunharaunda.
E-fodya inogona kuderedza mutengo wemari yekurapa
Zvirwere uye mitoro yehupfumi inokonzerwa nekusvuta yagara iri iyo pfungwa yekutariswa kwevanhu.Sekureva kwa2018 mushumo weAction for Smoking and Health kuUnited Kingdom, mari yeUK pagore nekuda kwekuputa yakasvika 12.6 bhiriyoni paunzi, kusanganisira yeBritish National Health Service (NHS) yekurapa uye hutano mari inosvika 2.5 bhiriyoni pondo.
MuUnited States, maererano ne "Annual Healthcare Spending Attributable to Cigarette Smoking: An Update" chinyorwa chakabudiswa muna 2014 neAmerican Journal of Preventive Medicine, kuongororwa kwemari yekurapa kubva ku2006 kusvika ku2010 yakawana kuti 8.7% yegore negore mari yekurapa United States inogona Kukonzerwa nekusvuta, kusvika mabhiriyoni 170 emadhora ekuAmerica pagore;zvinopfuura 60% zvezvinobatika zvekushandisa zvinobhadharwa nezvirongwa zveveruzhinji.
MuChina, mushumo weNational Health Development Research Center weNational Health Commission wakaratidza kuti mutoro wehupfumi wezvirwere zvine chekuita nefodya munyika yangu muna 2018 waiva 3.8 trillion yuan, yakaenzana ne4,12% yeGDP yegore iroro;iyo, 83.35% yaiva mutoro usina kunanga wehupfumi, ndiko kuti, kushamwaridzana Kurasikirwa kwezvibereko, kusanganisira kuremara uye kufa nguva isati yasvika.
Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvirwere zvine chekuita nefodya zvinodya inoda kusvika 15% yezvekurapa kwenyika yangu.Kana ichionekwa sechirwere, saka inogona kuiswa yechipiri.
Nokudaro, nekuderedza chiyero chevatengi vefodya yefodya kuburikidza ne-e-cigarettes, zvinoguma nemari yekurapa uye mamwe mararamiro emagariro evanhu achaderedzwa zvakakodzera.Sangano reBritish Health Organization rakaona kuti e-fodya inogona kuwedzera kubudirira kwekurega kusvuta ne 50%.Ichi ndicho chikonzero iyo UK ine maitiro akanaka kune zvigadzirwa zve-e-fodya kupfuura US.United Kingdom neUnited States ndidzo dzinonyanya kushandisa fodya yemagetsi atomizeti pasi rose.United Kingdom inotsigira e-fodya sechigadzirwa chevanoputa fodya kuti vasiye kana kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwefodya yechinyakare.
"Industrial chain + brand" maviri-vhiri kutyaira kuti uwedzere kukosha kwemaindasitiri
Kubva pakuona kwemaitiro ebudiriro yepasi rose, chiyero chemusika wefodya chiri kuramba chichiwedzera uye chikamu chayo chiri kuramba chichiwedzera.Makambani mana makuru efodya pasi rose, Philip Morris International, British American Tobacco, Japan Tobacco, neImperial Tobacco anotora musika nekutenga nekutanga mhando dzawo;pari zvino, zvigadzirwa zvayo zve-e-cigarette (kusanganisira e-cigarettes, HNB e-cigarettes) inotora chikamu chemari Yakasvika 18.7%, 4.36%, 3.17%, 3.56% maererano, ichiratidza kuwedzera.
Kunyangwe indasitiri yeChina e-fodya yakatanga kunonoka, ine zvakanakira mumaindasitiri.Makambani e-e-fodya eChinese ari munzvimbo yakakwana inotungamira pakati nepamusoro penzvimbo dzemaindasitiri.Parizvino, ivo vakagadzira yakazara maindasitiri cheni kubva kumusoro kwerukova vatengesi vezvigadzirwa kusvika pakati pemvura vanogadzira e-fodya nevagadziri, uye makambani ekutengesa ezasi.Izvi zvinobatsira kukurumidza kudzokororwa kwezvigadzirwa nemakambani ekuChina e-fodya uye kuzadzikiswa kwenzira yekugadzira inobatanidza R&D, dhizaini nekugadzira.
Panguva imwecheteyo, nekuti e-fodya zviri pachena kuti inotungamirwa nehunyanzvi uye zvigadzirwa, uye makambani eChinese anowanzo kutarisisa kune ruzivo rwevatengi, izvi zvichasvika padanho rakashandurwa kuita zvakanakira Chinese e-fodya brand, iyo inogona kukurumidza. kunzwisisa kushandiswa mumatanho ehupfumi akasiyana uye nharaunda dzetsika mhiri kwemakungwa.Needs.Yao Jianming anotenda kuti kudyidzana kwenyika dzepasirese kunofanirwa kutanga kuenderana nemagariro enzvimbo, tsika, tsika, nezvimwe, kuitira kuvhura musika wepasi rose.
Kune aya eChinese e-fodya makambani akachinja kubva kumakambani eInternet, anogona kufambiswa neruzivo rwevashandisi, akanaka pakubatanidzwa kwemaindasitiri echeni, uye zvigadzirwa zvavo zvinogona kuwana kukurumidza iteration, izvo zviri pachena kuti zvinobatsira pakuwedzera kwavo musika wepasi rose.Parizvino, RELX, mutungamiri mundima iyi muChina, ine mari yayo yekune dzimwe nyika inoverengera 25% yemari yayo yese uye ichiri kukura.
Naizvozvo, kusiyana nema brand e-smartphone akadai seXiaomi neHuawei, ayo anogona kuvaka mabhenefiti emhando yepamusoro kuburikidza nemusika wakasimba wevatengi vepamba uye mhomho yevanhu vasati vaenda mhiri kwemakungwa, e-fodya yeChina haina mamiriro akadai pasi pesimba remitemo.Kana mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, kana kutonga kwakakodzera, uye chiChinese e-cigarette brand inogona kuramba ichivaka ruzivo rwakasimba rwechiratidzo mhiri kwemakungwa, chichava chirevo chakanaka kune dzimwe mhando dzeChinese kuenda kunze kwenyika.
Nenzira iyi, kuvimba ne "industrial chain + brand" maviri-vhiri dhiraivha achakwanisa kuwana kukwidziridzwa kwekukosha kweChinese e-fodya mumaindasitiri epasi rose.
Rutsigiro rwakakodzera rwee-fodya mabrand kuti awedzere kukosha kwekutengeserana kwekunze
Zvichienderana nemamiriro ekugadzira maindasitiri eChina, musika wefodya we-e-fodya wakagadzira patani ye "Made in China, Consumption in Europe and America".Muna 2018, fodya yemagetsi yakagadzirwa muChina yakadarika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ehuwandu hwepasirese, uye makumi masere muzana adzo akatengeswa kumisika yeEurope neAmerica.Zvinoenderana nedata reLeyi, muna 2019, nyika mazana maviri nesere nematunhu pasirese dzakatenga e-fodya kubva kuChina, uye mutengo wekutengesa kunze kweChina waive 76.585 bhiriyoni yuan.
Kunyangwe zvakakanganisika nedenda muna 2020, kutengesa zvisiri pamhepo uye cheni dzekutengesa mumisika yeEurope neAmerica zvichakanganiswa.Nekudaro, zvinoenderana nedata remusika, semuenzaniso, Anglo International yemagetsi atomizing fodya brand yakawana mari inosvika 265 miriyoni mapaundi muhafu yekutanga ya2020, gore negore kuwedzera kwe40.8%.Nielsen's monitoring data kubva Kubvumbi 3 kusvika Chivabvu 2 yakaratidza kuti kutengeswa kwese kwezvigadzirwa zvefodya yefodya kwakadonha ne12.8%, uye zvinotarisirwa kuti kukura kwepagore kuchava 16.3%.Naizvozvo, kukanganisa kwedenda pamusika we-e-fodya kushoma, uye maitiro ekutengesa kunze kwenyika haaite shanduko yakakosha.
Panguva imwecheteyo, mitemo yekutonga mumisika yeEurope neAmerica iri kujeka zvishoma nezvishoma, uye kudiwa kwekuderedza kukuvadza uye kurega kuputa kuchiripo, pamwe nekusagadziriswa kweChina e-fodya indasitiri cheni munguva pfupi, saka ikozvino. chimiro chemusika chicharamba chichichengetwa.
Asi zvinofanirwa kusimbiswa kuti kukosha kwakawedzerwa kwekugadzira kweOEM kwakadzikira nekuti iyo yakawedzera kukosha kweiyo maindasitiri cheni iri kumagumo eR&D dhizaini uye kutengesa mhando.Liu Yuanju, muongorori kuShanghai Institute of Finance and Law, akasimbisa kuti zvinogoneka kuvaka nzira yekusimudzira yemhando dzakazvimirira mushure mehombe maOEM, kuitira kuti vawedzere kukosha kwavo.Pamusoro peiyo mhando, Pan Helin anotenda kuti yakakosha tekinoroji yakakosha zvakaenzana, zvikasadaro nzira yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika haigare kwenguva refu kana ichivimba chete nemitengo yemitengo kana kukura kwakakura.Naizvozvo, maChinese e-fodya vanogadzira vachiri kuda kuvandudza nhanho yavo yeR&D kana mukana wemhando, uye kukudziridza kukosha kweiyo cheni yeindasitiri.
Pamusoro pesimba rekambani pachayo, kana marongero achikwanisa kutsigira mhando dzemumba uye kuwedzera misika yemhiri kwemakungwa, zvichawedzera kusimudzira kutengeserana kwekunze uye kukosha kwefodya yemagetsi yenyika yangu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-30-2020